Tuesday 7 August 2012

Nuclear Power


Nuclear Energy

A Case for Breeder Reactors in India

Kalpakkam

India and Fast Breeder reactors


There may be another reason for the DAE’s attraction to breeder reactors.
This stems from the source of DAE’s institutional clout: its unique ability to
offer both electricity for development and nuclear weapons for security. This
came out quite clearly during the course of negotiations over the U.S.-India nuclear
deal, where in an ostensibly civilian agreement, much of the DAE’s efforts
were aimed at optimising its ability to make fissile material for the nuclear arsenal
within various constraints, especially the shortage of uranium



Nuclear fusion - False starts- recent successes
http://news.cnet.com/8301-11128_3-20075206-54/a-reality-check-on-nuclear-fusion-at-mit/

http://why.knovel.com/all-engineering-news/1544-new-theory-could-spur-advances-in-nuclear-fusion-research.html

Prof. Rajaraman - http://www.fissilematerials.org/
R. Rajaraman (IPFM Co-Chair, India) is Emeritus Professor of theoretical physics in the School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University. He is a Fellow of the Indian Academy of Science and Vice President of the Indian National Science Academy. He has a Ph.D. in theoretical physics from Cornell University (with Hans Bethe, 1963). He has been contributing articles to India's nuclear-weapon debate since 1970 and has been a regular summer visitor with Princeton's Program on Science and Global Security since 2000. He has written on the dangers of accidental nuclear war and the limitations of civil defense. In recent years his focus has been on capping South Asia's nuclear arsenals.
India   Pakistan

And most interesting of all - surpise ! - Russia

Where is Iran? Here!

Defusing the Nuclear Powder Keg

http://www.window.state.tx.us/specialrpt/energy/nonrenewable/nuke.php
Breeder reactors
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/jul/30/fast-breeder-reactors-nuclear-waste-nightmare

http://fissilematerials.org/blog/2012/08/unprecedented_security_br.html

In the morning of July 28, 2012 three activists from the "Transform Now Plowshares" group gained access to the Highly Enriched Uranium Materials Facility (HEUMF) building, which is part of the Y-12 Complex in Oak Ridge. The activistswere able to penetrate the facility's security perimeter and spray-paint a message on the exterior of the HEUMF building. There are conflicting accounts of how much time the activists were able to spend inside of the security perimeter before being arrested by the security guards and whether the intrusion was properly detected by the Perimeter Intrusion Detection and Assessment System (PIDAS).
On August 1, 2012, the contractor that operates the Y-12 facility, B&W, ordered a security stand-down, during which ""all special nuclear materials will be moved to vault-type facilities on site, all nuclear operations will be halted, and contractor security personnel will undergo training and refresher instruction." The stand-down is expected to last about a week.
HEUMF is a new facility that was open in January 2010.


As far as Jaitapur is concerned - A.Gopalakrishnan - http://www.sify.com/finance/european-pressurised-reactors-costlier-less-efficient-expert-news-default-kmdwuhgagdf.html

http://princeton.academia.edu/MVRamana/Papers/264400/The_Future_of_Nuclear_Power_in_India

People’s Tribunal on the Safety, Viability and Cost Efficiency of Nuclear Energy

India’s Atomic Energy Programme: Claims and Reality


electron mass = 0.0005446623 u
proton mass = 1.00727638 u 
neutron mass = 1.0086649156 u

mass of U-235 =235.043 929 918
mass of U-238 =238.02891 ± 0.00003 u
mass of He-4 =4.002602 ± 0.000002 u
mass of Th-232=232.03806 ± 0.00002 u
Conventional reactor fissile U-235 +slow  n --> products + 2 or 3 n
                         biproduct       U -238 +fast n -->Np-239 -->Pu-239

Breeder reactor Th- 232 + n ----> U-233 
                                   








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